RTCCertificate serialization.

This CL adds the ability to convert RTCCertificate objects to and from
PEM string representations of it (its private key and certificate).
The RTCCertificate being a wrapper of SSLIdentity, this is where the
meat is.

Changes:
- SSLIdentity::PrivateKeyToPEMString() added. It together with the
  already existing SSLCertificate::ToPEMString() yields both private
  key and certificate PEM strings, both of which are required
  parameters to SSLIdentity::FromPEMStrings().
- Its only implementation, OpenSSLIdentity::PrivateKeyToPemString().
- SSLIdentity::PublicKeyToPEMString() added, used by tests.
- sslidentity_unittest.cc updated:
  * FromPEMStringsRSA and FromPEMStringsEC updated.
  * CloneIdentityRSA and CloneIdentityECDSA added.
- RTCCertificate::To/FromPem added, using new class RTCCertificatePem.
- rtccertificate_unittest.cc: New test CloneWithPemSerialization.
- Renamed rtc_unittests.cc to rtccertificate_unittest.cc to match
  convention.

BUG=webrtc:5794, chromium:581354

Review-Url: https://codereview.webrtc.org/1898383003
Cr-Commit-Position: refs/heads/master@{#12546}
diff --git a/webrtc/base/base_tests.gyp b/webrtc/base/base_tests.gyp
index 11aea29..8248cef 100644
--- a/webrtc/base/base_tests.gyp
+++ b/webrtc/base/base_tests.gyp
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@
           'ratetracker_unittest.cc',
           'referencecountedsingletonfactory_unittest.cc',
           'rollingaccumulator_unittest.cc',
-          'rtccertificate_unittests.cc',
+          'rtccertificate_unittest.cc',
           'rtccertificategenerator_unittest.cc',
           'scopedptrcollection_unittest.cc',
           'sha1digest_unittest.cc',
diff --git a/webrtc/base/fakesslidentity.h b/webrtc/base/fakesslidentity.h
index 6640b02..9f98c4e 100644
--- a/webrtc/base/fakesslidentity.h
+++ b/webrtc/base/fakesslidentity.h
@@ -99,6 +99,18 @@
     return new FakeSSLIdentity(*this);
   }
   virtual const FakeSSLCertificate& certificate() const { return cert_; }
+  virtual std::string PrivateKeyToPEMString() const {
+    RTC_NOTREACHED();  // Not implemented.
+    return "";
+  }
+  virtual std::string PublicKeyToPEMString() const {
+    RTC_NOTREACHED();  // Not implemented.
+    return "";
+  }
+  virtual bool operator==(const SSLIdentity& other) const {
+    RTC_NOTREACHED();  // Not implemented.
+    return false;
+  }
  private:
   FakeSSLCertificate cert_;
 };
diff --git a/webrtc/base/opensslidentity.cc b/webrtc/base/opensslidentity.cc
index ec9c0071..58a0cd8 100644
--- a/webrtc/base/opensslidentity.cc
+++ b/webrtc/base/opensslidentity.cc
@@ -166,6 +166,29 @@
   return new OpenSSLKeyPair(pkey);
 }
 
+OpenSSLKeyPair* OpenSSLKeyPair::FromPrivateKeyPEMString(
+    const std::string& pem_string) {
+  BIO* bio = BIO_new_mem_buf(const_cast<char*>(pem_string.c_str()), -1);
+  if (!bio) {
+    LOG(LS_ERROR) << "Failed to create a new BIO buffer.";
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+  BIO_set_mem_eof_return(bio, 0);
+  EVP_PKEY* pkey =
+      PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey(bio, nullptr, nullptr, const_cast<char*>("\0"));
+  BIO_free(bio);  // Frees the BIO, but not the pointed-to string.
+  if (!pkey) {
+    LOG(LS_ERROR) << "Failed to create the private key from PEM string.";
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+  if (EVP_PKEY_missing_parameters(pkey) != 0) {
+    LOG(LS_ERROR) << "The resulting key pair is missing public key parameters.";
+    EVP_PKEY_free(pkey);
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+  return new OpenSSLKeyPair(pkey);
+}
+
 OpenSSLKeyPair::~OpenSSLKeyPair() {
   EVP_PKEY_free(pkey_);
 }
@@ -183,6 +206,57 @@
 #endif
 }
 
+std::string OpenSSLKeyPair::PrivateKeyToPEMString() const {
+  BIO* temp_memory_bio = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem());
+  if (!temp_memory_bio) {
+    LOG_F(LS_ERROR) << "Failed to allocate temporary memory bio";
+    RTC_NOTREACHED();
+    return "";
+  }
+  if (!PEM_write_bio_PrivateKey(
+      temp_memory_bio, pkey_, nullptr, nullptr, 0, nullptr, nullptr)) {
+    LOG_F(LS_ERROR) << "Failed to write private key";
+    BIO_free(temp_memory_bio);
+    RTC_NOTREACHED();
+    return "";
+  }
+  BIO_write(temp_memory_bio, "\0", 1);
+  char* buffer;
+  BIO_get_mem_data(temp_memory_bio, &buffer);
+  std::string priv_key_str = buffer;
+  BIO_free(temp_memory_bio);
+  return priv_key_str;
+}
+
+std::string OpenSSLKeyPair::PublicKeyToPEMString() const {
+  BIO* temp_memory_bio = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem());
+  if (!temp_memory_bio) {
+    LOG_F(LS_ERROR) << "Failed to allocate temporary memory bio";
+    RTC_NOTREACHED();
+    return "";
+  }
+  if (!PEM_write_bio_PUBKEY(temp_memory_bio, pkey_)) {
+    LOG_F(LS_ERROR) << "Failed to write public key";
+    BIO_free(temp_memory_bio);
+    RTC_NOTREACHED();
+    return "";
+  }
+  BIO_write(temp_memory_bio, "\0", 1);
+  char* buffer;
+  BIO_get_mem_data(temp_memory_bio, &buffer);
+  std::string pub_key_str = buffer;
+  BIO_free(temp_memory_bio);
+  return pub_key_str;
+}
+
+bool OpenSSLKeyPair::operator==(const OpenSSLKeyPair& other) const {
+  return EVP_PKEY_cmp(this->pkey_, other.pkey_) == 1;
+}
+
+bool OpenSSLKeyPair::operator!=(const OpenSSLKeyPair& other) const {
+  return !(*this == other);
+}
+
 #if !defined(NDEBUG)
 // Print a certificate to the log, for debugging.
 static void PrintCert(X509* x509) {
@@ -370,6 +444,14 @@
 #endif
 }
 
+bool OpenSSLCertificate::operator==(const OpenSSLCertificate& other) const {
+  return X509_cmp(this->x509_, other.x509_) == 0;
+}
+
+bool OpenSSLCertificate::operator!=(const OpenSSLCertificate& other) const {
+  return !(*this == other);
+}
+
 // Documented in sslidentity.h.
 int64_t OpenSSLCertificate::CertificateExpirationTime() const {
   ASN1_TIME* expire_time = X509_get_notAfter(x509_);
@@ -436,25 +518,17 @@
       OpenSSLCertificate::FromPEMString(certificate));
   if (!cert) {
     LOG(LS_ERROR) << "Failed to create OpenSSLCertificate from PEM string.";
-    return NULL;
+    return nullptr;
   }
 
-  BIO* bio = BIO_new_mem_buf(const_cast<char*>(private_key.c_str()), -1);
-  if (!bio) {
-    LOG(LS_ERROR) << "Failed to create a new BIO buffer.";
-    return NULL;
-  }
-  BIO_set_mem_eof_return(bio, 0);
-  EVP_PKEY* pkey =
-      PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey(bio, NULL, NULL, const_cast<char*>("\0"));
-  BIO_free(bio);  // Frees the BIO, but not the pointed-to string.
-
-  if (!pkey) {
-    LOG(LS_ERROR) << "Failed to create the private key from PEM string.";
-    return NULL;
+  OpenSSLKeyPair* key_pair =
+      OpenSSLKeyPair::FromPrivateKeyPEMString(private_key);
+  if (!key_pair) {
+    LOG(LS_ERROR) << "Failed to create key pair from PEM string.";
+    return nullptr;
   }
 
-  return new OpenSSLIdentity(new OpenSSLKeyPair(pkey),
+  return new OpenSSLIdentity(key_pair,
                              cert.release());
 }
 
@@ -477,6 +551,23 @@
   return true;
 }
 
+std::string OpenSSLIdentity::PrivateKeyToPEMString() const {
+  return key_pair_->PrivateKeyToPEMString();
+}
+
+std::string OpenSSLIdentity::PublicKeyToPEMString() const {
+  return key_pair_->PublicKeyToPEMString();
+}
+
+bool OpenSSLIdentity::operator==(const OpenSSLIdentity& other) const {
+  return *this->key_pair_ == *other.key_pair_ &&
+         *this->certificate_ == *other.certificate_;
+}
+
+bool OpenSSLIdentity::operator!=(const OpenSSLIdentity& other) const {
+  return !(*this == other);
+}
+
 }  // namespace rtc
 
 #endif  // HAVE_OPENSSL_SSL_H
diff --git a/webrtc/base/opensslidentity.h b/webrtc/base/opensslidentity.h
index 823f538..316572c 100644
--- a/webrtc/base/opensslidentity.h
+++ b/webrtc/base/opensslidentity.h
@@ -34,12 +34,20 @@
   }
 
   static OpenSSLKeyPair* Generate(const KeyParams& key_params);
+  // Constructs a key pair from the private key PEM string. This must not result
+  // in missing public key parameters. Returns null on error.
+  static OpenSSLKeyPair* FromPrivateKeyPEMString(
+      const std::string& pem_string);
 
   virtual ~OpenSSLKeyPair();
 
   virtual OpenSSLKeyPair* GetReference();
 
   EVP_PKEY* pkey() const { return pkey_; }
+  std::string PrivateKeyToPEMString() const;
+  std::string PublicKeyToPEMString() const;
+  bool operator==(const OpenSSLKeyPair& other) const;
+  bool operator!=(const OpenSSLKeyPair& other) const;
 
  private:
   void AddReference();
@@ -69,8 +77,9 @@
   X509* x509() const { return x509_; }
 
   std::string ToPEMString() const override;
-
   void ToDER(Buffer* der_buffer) const override;
+  bool operator==(const OpenSSLCertificate& other) const;
+  bool operator!=(const OpenSSLCertificate& other) const;
 
   // Compute the digest of the certificate given algorithm
   bool ComputeDigest(const std::string& algorithm,
@@ -116,6 +125,11 @@
   // Configure an SSL context object to use our key and certificate.
   bool ConfigureIdentity(SSL_CTX* ctx);
 
+  std::string PrivateKeyToPEMString() const override;
+  std::string PublicKeyToPEMString() const override;
+  bool operator==(const OpenSSLIdentity& other) const;
+  bool operator!=(const OpenSSLIdentity& other) const;
+
  private:
   OpenSSLIdentity(OpenSSLKeyPair* key_pair, OpenSSLCertificate* certificate);
 
diff --git a/webrtc/base/rtccertificate.cc b/webrtc/base/rtccertificate.cc
index 70959ee..574bf75 100644
--- a/webrtc/base/rtccertificate.cc
+++ b/webrtc/base/rtccertificate.cc
@@ -45,4 +45,24 @@
   return identity_->certificate();
 }
 
+RTCCertificatePEM RTCCertificate::ToPEM() const {
+  return RTCCertificatePEM(identity_->PrivateKeyToPEMString(),
+                           ssl_certificate().ToPEMString());
+}
+
+scoped_refptr<RTCCertificate> RTCCertificate::FromPEM(
+    const RTCCertificatePEM& pem) {
+  std::unique_ptr<SSLIdentity> identity(SSLIdentity::FromPEMStrings(
+      pem.private_key(), pem.certificate()));
+  return new RefCountedObject<RTCCertificate>(identity.release());
+}
+
+bool RTCCertificate::operator==(const RTCCertificate& certificate) const {
+  return *this->identity_ == *certificate.identity_;
+}
+
+bool RTCCertificate::operator!=(const RTCCertificate& certificate) const {
+  return !(*this == certificate);
+}
+
 }  // namespace rtc
diff --git a/webrtc/base/rtccertificate.h b/webrtc/base/rtccertificate.h
index 3d4f36e..46d6fd4 100644
--- a/webrtc/base/rtccertificate.h
+++ b/webrtc/base/rtccertificate.h
@@ -20,6 +20,28 @@
 
 namespace rtc {
 
+// This class contains PEM strings of an RTCCertificate's private key and
+// certificate and acts as a text representation of RTCCertificate. Certificates
+// can be serialized and deserialized to and from this format, which allows for
+// cloning and storing of certificates to disk. The PEM format is that of
+// |SSLIdentity::PrivateKeyToPEMString| and |SSLCertificate::ToPEMString|, e.g.
+// the string representations used by OpenSSL.
+class RTCCertificatePEM {
+ public:
+  RTCCertificatePEM(
+      const std::string& private_key,
+      const std::string& certificate)
+      : private_key_(private_key),
+        certificate_(certificate) {}
+
+  const std::string& private_key() const { return private_key_; }
+  const std::string& certificate() const { return certificate_; }
+
+ private:
+  std::string private_key_;
+  std::string certificate_;
+};
+
 // A thin abstraction layer between "lower level crypto stuff" like
 // SSLCertificate and WebRTC usage. Takes ownership of some lower level objects,
 // reference counting protects these from premature destruction.
@@ -42,6 +64,12 @@
   // However, some places might need SSLIdentity* for its public/private key...
   SSLIdentity* identity() const { return identity_.get(); }
 
+  // To/from PEM, a text representation of the RTCCertificate.
+  RTCCertificatePEM ToPEM() const;
+  static scoped_refptr<RTCCertificate> FromPEM(const RTCCertificatePEM& pem);
+  bool operator==(const RTCCertificate& certificate) const;
+  bool operator!=(const RTCCertificate& certificate) const;
+
  protected:
   explicit RTCCertificate(SSLIdentity* identity);
   ~RTCCertificate() override;
diff --git a/webrtc/base/rtccertificate_unittests.cc b/webrtc/base/rtccertificate_unittest.cc
similarity index 82%
rename from webrtc/base/rtccertificate_unittests.cc
rename to webrtc/base/rtccertificate_unittest.cc
index 7795fe7..f5df7f1 100644
--- a/webrtc/base/rtccertificate_unittests.cc
+++ b/webrtc/base/rtccertificate_unittest.cc
@@ -35,6 +35,13 @@
   ~RTCCertificateTest() {}
 
  protected:
+  scoped_refptr<RTCCertificate> GenerateECDSA() {
+    std::unique_ptr<SSLIdentity> identity(
+        SSLIdentity::Generate(kTestCertCommonName, KeyParams::ECDSA()));
+    RTC_CHECK(identity);
+    return RTCCertificate::Create(std::move(identity));
+  }
+
   // Timestamp note:
   //   All timestamps in this unittest are expressed in number of seconds since
   // epoch, 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z (UTC). The RTCCertificate interface uses ms,
@@ -85,10 +92,7 @@
 TEST_F(RTCCertificateTest, NewCertificateNotExpired) {
   // Generate a real certificate without specifying the expiration time.
   // Certificate type doesn't matter, using ECDSA because it's fast to generate.
-  std::unique_ptr<SSLIdentity> identity(
-      SSLIdentity::Generate(kTestCertCommonName, KeyParams::ECDSA()));
-  scoped_refptr<RTCCertificate> certificate =
-      RTCCertificate::Create(std::move(identity));
+  scoped_refptr<RTCCertificate> certificate = GenerateECDSA();
 
   uint64_t now = NowSeconds();
   EXPECT_FALSE(HasExpiredSeconds(certificate, now));
@@ -115,4 +119,22 @@
   EXPECT_TRUE(HasExpiredSeconds(certificate, now + 2));
 }
 
+TEST_F(RTCCertificateTest, DifferentCertificatesNotEqual) {
+  scoped_refptr<RTCCertificate> a = GenerateECDSA();
+  scoped_refptr<RTCCertificate> b = GenerateECDSA();
+  EXPECT_TRUE(*a != *b);
+}
+
+TEST_F(RTCCertificateTest, CloneWithPEMSerialization) {
+  scoped_refptr<RTCCertificate> orig = GenerateECDSA();
+
+  // To PEM.
+  RTCCertificatePEM orig_pem = orig->ToPEM();
+  // Clone from PEM.
+  scoped_refptr<RTCCertificate> clone = RTCCertificate::FromPEM(orig_pem);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(clone);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(*orig == *clone);
+  EXPECT_EQ(orig->Expires(), clone->Expires());
+}
+
 }  // namespace rtc
diff --git a/webrtc/base/sslidentity.cc b/webrtc/base/sslidentity.cc
index 5fa8bbf..5f3a73f 100644
--- a/webrtc/base/sslidentity.cc
+++ b/webrtc/base/sslidentity.cc
@@ -187,6 +187,14 @@
   return OpenSSLIdentity::FromPEMStrings(private_key, certificate);
 }
 
+bool operator==(const SSLIdentity& a, const SSLIdentity& b) {
+  return static_cast<const OpenSSLIdentity&>(a) ==
+         static_cast<const OpenSSLIdentity&>(b);
+}
+bool operator!=(const SSLIdentity& a, const SSLIdentity& b) {
+  return !(a == b);
+}
+
 #else  // !SSL_USE_OPENSSL
 
 #error "No SSL implementation"
diff --git a/webrtc/base/sslidentity.h b/webrtc/base/sslidentity.h
index f9fef31..da94e76 100644
--- a/webrtc/base/sslidentity.h
+++ b/webrtc/base/sslidentity.h
@@ -227,6 +227,8 @@
 
   // Returns a temporary reference to the certificate.
   virtual const SSLCertificate& certificate() const = 0;
+  virtual std::string PrivateKeyToPEMString() const = 0;
+  virtual std::string PublicKeyToPEMString() const = 0;
 
   // Helpers for parsing converting between PEM and DER format.
   static bool PemToDer(const std::string& pem_type,
@@ -237,6 +239,9 @@
                               size_t length);
 };
 
+bool operator==(const SSLIdentity& a, const SSLIdentity& b);
+bool operator!=(const SSLIdentity& a, const SSLIdentity& b);
+
 // Convert from ASN1 time as restricted by RFC 5280 to seconds from 1970-01-01
 // 00.00 ("epoch").  If the ASN1 time cannot be read, return -1.  The data at
 // |s| is not 0-terminated; its char count is defined by |length|.
diff --git a/webrtc/base/sslidentity_unittest.cc b/webrtc/base/sslidentity_unittest.cc
index e108b7d..399fe9d 100644
--- a/webrtc/base/sslidentity_unittest.cc
+++ b/webrtc/base/sslidentity_unittest.cc
@@ -174,7 +174,38 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(0, memcmp(digest, expected_digest, expected_len));
   }
 
- private:
+  void TestCloningIdentity(const SSLIdentity& identity) {
+    // Convert |identity| to PEM strings and create a new identity by converting
+    // back from the string format.
+    std::string priv_pem = identity.PrivateKeyToPEMString();
+    std::string publ_pem = identity.PublicKeyToPEMString();
+    std::string cert_pem = identity.certificate().ToPEMString();
+    std::unique_ptr<SSLIdentity> clone(
+        SSLIdentity::FromPEMStrings(priv_pem, cert_pem));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(clone);
+
+    // Make sure the clone is identical to the original.
+    EXPECT_TRUE(identity == *clone);
+    ASSERT_EQ(identity.certificate().CertificateExpirationTime(),
+              clone->certificate().CertificateExpirationTime());
+
+    // At this point we are confident that the identities are identical. To be
+    // extra sure, we compare PEM strings of the clone with the original. Note
+    // that the PEM strings of two identities are not strictly guaranteed to be
+    // equal (they describe structs whose members could be listed in a different
+    // order, for example). But because the same function is used to produce
+    // both PEMs, its a good enough bet that this comparison will work. If the
+    // assumption stops holding in the future we can always remove this from the
+    // unittest.
+    std::string clone_priv_pem = clone->PrivateKeyToPEMString();
+    std::string clone_publ_pem = clone->PublicKeyToPEMString();
+    std::string clone_cert_pem = clone->certificate().ToPEMString();
+    ASSERT_EQ(priv_pem, clone_priv_pem);
+    ASSERT_EQ(publ_pem, clone_publ_pem);
+    ASSERT_EQ(cert_pem, clone_cert_pem);
+  }
+
+ protected:
   std::unique_ptr<SSLIdentity> identity_rsa1_;
   std::unique_ptr<SSLIdentity> identity_rsa2_;
   std::unique_ptr<SSLIdentity> identity_ecdsa1_;
@@ -220,71 +251,118 @@
   TestDigestForGeneratedCert(rtc::DIGEST_SHA_512, 64);
 }
 
-TEST_F(SSLIdentityTest, FromPEMStringsRSA) {
-  static const char kRSA_PRIVATE_KEY_PEM[] =
-      "-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----\n"
-      "MIICdwIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCAmEwggJdAgEAAoGBAMYRkbhmI7kVA/rM\n"
-      "czsZ+6JDhDvnkF+vn6yCAGuRPV03zuRqZtDy4N4to7PZu9PjqrRl7nDMXrG3YG9y\n"
-      "rlIAZ72KjcKKFAJxQyAKLCIdawKRyp8RdK3LEySWEZb0AV58IadqPZDTNHHRX8dz\n"
-      "5aTSMsbbkZ+C/OzTnbiMqLL/vg6jAgMBAAECgYAvgOs4FJcgvp+TuREx7YtiYVsH\n"
-      "mwQPTum2z/8VzWGwR8BBHBvIpVe1MbD/Y4seyI2aco/7UaisatSgJhsU46/9Y4fq\n"
-      "2TwXH9QANf4at4d9n/R6rzwpAJOpgwZgKvdQjkfrKTtgLV+/dawvpxUYkRH4JZM1\n"
-      "CVGukMfKNrSVH4Ap4QJBAOJmGV1ASPnB4r4nc99at7JuIJmd7fmuVUwUgYi4XgaR\n"
-      "WhScBsgYwZ/JoywdyZJgnbcrTDuVcWG56B3vXbhdpMsCQQDf9zeJrjnPZ3Cqm79y\n"
-      "kdqANep0uwZciiNiWxsQrCHztywOvbFhdp8iYVFG9EK8DMY41Y5TxUwsHD+67zao\n"
-      "ZNqJAkEA1suLUP/GvL8IwuRneQd2tWDqqRQ/Td3qq03hP7e77XtF/buya3Ghclo5\n"
-      "54czUR89QyVfJEC6278nzA7n2h1uVQJAcG6mztNL6ja/dKZjYZye2CY44QjSlLo0\n"
-      "MTgTSjdfg/28fFn2Jjtqf9Pi/X+50LWI/RcYMC2no606wRk9kyOuIQJBAK6VSAim\n"
-      "1pOEjsYQn0X5KEIrz1G3bfCbB848Ime3U2/FWlCHMr6ch8kCZ5d1WUeJD3LbwMNG\n"
-      "UCXiYxSsu20QNVw=\n"
-      "-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----\n";
+TEST_F(SSLIdentityTest, IdentityComparison) {
+  EXPECT_TRUE(*identity_rsa1_ == *identity_rsa1_);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(*identity_rsa1_ == *identity_rsa2_);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(*identity_rsa1_ == *identity_ecdsa1_);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(*identity_rsa1_ == *identity_ecdsa2_);
 
+  EXPECT_TRUE(*identity_rsa2_ == *identity_rsa2_);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(*identity_rsa2_ == *identity_ecdsa1_);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(*identity_rsa2_ == *identity_ecdsa2_);
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(*identity_ecdsa1_ == *identity_ecdsa1_);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(*identity_ecdsa1_ == *identity_ecdsa2_);
+}
+
+TEST_F(SSLIdentityTest, FromPEMStringsRSA) {
+  // These PEM strings were created by generating an identity with
+  // |SSLIdentity::Generate| and invoking |identity->PrivateKeyToPEMString()|,
+  // |identity->PublicKeyToPEMString()| and
+  // |identity->certificate().ToPEMString()|. If the crypto library is updated,
+  // and the update changes the string form of the keys, these will have to be
+  // updated too.
+  static const char kRSA_PRIVATE_KEY_PEM[] =
+      "-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----\n"
+      "MIICdQIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCAl8wggJbAgEAAoGBAMQPqDStRlYeDpkX\n"
+      "erRmv+a1naM8vSVSY0gG2plnrnofViWRW3MRqWC+020MsIj3hPZeSAnt/y/FL/nr\n"
+      "4Ea7NXcwdRo1/1xEK7U/f/cjSg1aunyvHCHwcFcMr31HLFvHr0ZgcFwbgIuFLNEl\n"
+      "7kK5HMO9APz1ntUjek8BmBj8yMl9AgMBAAECgYA8FWBC5GcNtSBcIinkZyigF0A7\n"
+      "6j081sa+J/uNz4xUuI257ZXM6biygUhhvuXK06/XoIULJfhyN0fAm1yb0HtNhiUs\n"
+      "kMOYeon6b8FqFaPjrQf7Gr9FMiIHXNK19uegTMKztXyPZoUWlX84X0iawY95x0Y3\n"
+      "73f6P2rN2UOjlVVjAQJBAOKy3l2w3Zj2w0oAJox0eMwl+RxBNt1C42SHrob2mFUT\n"
+      "rytpVVYOasr8CoDI0kjacjI94sLum+buJoXXX6YTGO0CQQDdZwlYIEkoS3ftfxPa\n"
+      "Ai0YTBzAWvHJg0r8Gk/TkHo6IM+LSsZ9ZYUv/vBe4BKLw1I4hZ+bQvBiq+f8ROtk\n"
+      "+TDRAkAPL3ghwoU1h+IRBO2QHwUwd6K2N9AbBi4BP+168O3HVSg4ujeTKigRLMzv\n"
+      "T4R2iNt5bhfQgvdCgtVlxcWMdF8JAkBwDCg3eEdt5BuyjwBt8XH+/O4ED0KUWCTH\n"
+      "x00k5dZlupsuhE5Fwe4QpzXg3gekwdnHjyCCQ/NCDHvgOMTkmhQxAkA9V03KRX9b\n"
+      "bhvEzY/fu8gEp+EzsER96/D79az5z1BaMGL5OPM2xHBPJATKlswnAa7Lp3QKGZGk\n"
+      "TxslfL18J71s\n"
+      "-----END PRIVATE KEY-----\n";
+  static const char kRSA_PUBLIC_KEY_PEM[] =
+      "-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----\n"
+      "MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDED6g0rUZWHg6ZF3q0Zr/mtZ2j\n"
+      "PL0lUmNIBtqZZ656H1YlkVtzEalgvtNtDLCI94T2XkgJ7f8vxS/56+BGuzV3MHUa\n"
+      "Nf9cRCu1P3/3I0oNWrp8rxwh8HBXDK99Ryxbx69GYHBcG4CLhSzRJe5CuRzDvQD8\n"
+      "9Z7VI3pPAZgY/MjJfQIDAQAB\n"
+      "-----END PUBLIC KEY-----\n";
   static const char kCERT_PEM[] =
       "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----\n"
-      "MIIBmTCCAQKgAwIBAgIEbzBSAjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADARMQ8wDQYDVQQDEwZX\n"
-      "ZWJSVEMwHhcNMTQwMTAyMTgyNDQ3WhcNMTQwMjAxMTgyNDQ3WjARMQ8wDQYDVQQD\n"
-      "EwZXZWJSVEMwgZ8wDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADgY0AMIGJAoGBAMYRkbhmI7kVA/rM\n"
-      "czsZ+6JDhDvnkF+vn6yCAGuRPV03zuRqZtDy4N4to7PZu9PjqrRl7nDMXrG3YG9y\n"
-      "rlIAZ72KjcKKFAJxQyAKLCIdawKRyp8RdK3LEySWEZb0AV58IadqPZDTNHHRX8dz\n"
-      "5aTSMsbbkZ+C/OzTnbiMqLL/vg6jAgMBAAEwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQELBQADgYEAUflI\n"
-      "VUe5Krqf5RVa5C3u/UTAOAUJBiDS3VANTCLBxjuMsvqOG0WvaYWP3HYPgrz0jXK2\n"
-      "LJE/mGw3MyFHEqi81jh95J+ypl6xKW6Rm8jKLR87gUvCaVYn/Z4/P3AqcQTB7wOv\n"
-      "UD0A8qfhfDM+LK6rPAnCsVN0NRDY3jvd6rzix9M=\n"
+      "MIIBnDCCAQWgAwIBAgIJAOEHLgeWYwrpMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUAMBAxDjAMBgNV\n"
+      "BAMMBXRlc3QxMB4XDTE2MDQyNDE4MTAyMloXDTE2MDUyNTE4MTAyMlowEDEOMAwG\n"
+      "A1UEAwwFdGVzdDEwgZ8wDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADgY0AMIGJAoGBAMQPqDStRlYe\n"
+      "DpkXerRmv+a1naM8vSVSY0gG2plnrnofViWRW3MRqWC+020MsIj3hPZeSAnt/y/F\n"
+      "L/nr4Ea7NXcwdRo1/1xEK7U/f/cjSg1aunyvHCHwcFcMr31HLFvHr0ZgcFwbgIuF\n"
+      "LNEl7kK5HMO9APz1ntUjek8BmBj8yMl9AgMBAAEwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQELBQADgYEA\n"
+      "C3ehaZFl+oEYN069C2ht/gMzuC77L854RF/x7xRtNZzkcg9TVgXXdM3auUvJi8dx\n"
+      "yTpU3ixErjQvoZew5ngXTEvTY8BSQUijJEaLWh8n6NDKRbEGTdAk8nPAmq9hdCFq\n"
+      "e3UkexqNHm3g/VxG4NUC1Y+w29ai0/Rgh+VvgbDwK+Q=\n"
       "-----END CERTIFICATE-----\n";
 
   std::unique_ptr<SSLIdentity> identity(
       SSLIdentity::FromPEMStrings(kRSA_PRIVATE_KEY_PEM, kCERT_PEM));
   EXPECT_TRUE(identity);
+  EXPECT_EQ(kRSA_PRIVATE_KEY_PEM, identity->PrivateKeyToPEMString());
+  EXPECT_EQ(kRSA_PUBLIC_KEY_PEM, identity->PublicKeyToPEMString());
   EXPECT_EQ(kCERT_PEM, identity->certificate().ToPEMString());
 }
 
 TEST_F(SSLIdentityTest, FromPEMStringsEC) {
-  static const char kRSA_PRIVATE_KEY_PEM[] =
-      "-----BEGIN EC PRIVATE KEY-----\n"
-      "MHcCAQEEIKkIztWLPbs4Y2zWv7VW2Ov4is2ifleCuPgRB8fRv3IkoAoGCCqGSM49\n"
-      "AwEHoUQDQgAEDPV33NrhSdhg9cBRkUWUXnVMXc3h17i9ARbSmNgminKcBXb8/y8L\n"
-      "A76cMWQPPM0ybHO8OS7ZVg2U/m+TwE1M2g==\n"
-      "-----END EC PRIVATE KEY-----\n";
+  // These PEM strings were created by generating an identity with
+  // |SSLIdentity::Generate| and invoking |identity->PrivateKeyToPEMString()|,
+  // |identity->PublicKeyToPEMString()| and
+  // |identity->certificate().ToPEMString()|. If the crypto library is updated,
+  // and the update changes the string form of the keys, these will have to be
+  // updated too.
+  static const char kECDSA_PRIVATE_KEY_PEM[] =
+      "-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----\n"
+      "MIGHAgEAMBMGByqGSM49AgEGCCqGSM49AwEHBG0wawIBAQQg/AkEA2hklq7dQ2rN\n"
+      "ZxYL6hOUACL4pn7P4FYlA3ZQhIChRANCAAR7YgdO3utP/8IqVRq8G4VZKreMAxeN\n"
+      "rUa12twthv4uFjuHAHa9D9oyAjncmn+xvZZRyVmKrA56jRzENcEEHoAg\n"
+      "-----END PRIVATE KEY-----\n";
+  static const char kECDSA_PUBLIC_KEY_PEM[] =
+      "-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----\n"
+      "MFkwEwYHKoZIzj0CAQYIKoZIzj0DAQcDQgAEe2IHTt7rT//CKlUavBuFWSq3jAMX\n"
+      "ja1GtdrcLYb+LhY7hwB2vQ/aMgI53Jp/sb2WUclZiqwOeo0cxDXBBB6AIA==\n"
+      "-----END PUBLIC KEY-----\n";
   static const char kCERT_PEM[] =
       "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----\n"
-      "MIIB0jCCAXmgAwIBAgIJAMCjpFt9t6LMMAoGCCqGSM49BAMCMEUxCzAJBgNVBAYT\n"
-      "AkFVMRMwEQYDVQQIDApTb21lLVN0YXRlMSEwHwYDVQQKDBhJbnRlcm5ldCBXaWRn\n"
-      "aXRzIFB0eSBMdGQwIBcNMTUwNjMwMTMwMTIyWhgPMjI4OTA0MTMxMzAxMjJaMEUx\n"
-      "CzAJBgNVBAYTAkFVMRMwEQYDVQQIDApTb21lLVN0YXRlMSEwHwYDVQQKDBhJbnRl\n"
-      "cm5ldCBXaWRnaXRzIFB0eSBMdGQwWTATBgcqhkjOPQIBBggqhkjOPQMBBwNCAAQM\n"
-      "9Xfc2uFJ2GD1wFGRRZRedUxdzeHXuL0BFtKY2CaKcpwFdvz/LwsDvpwxZA88zTJs\n"
-      "c7w5LtlWDZT+b5PATUzao1AwTjAdBgNVHQ4EFgQUYHq6nxNNIE832ZmaHc/noODO\n"
-      "rtAwHwYDVR0jBBgwFoAUYHq6nxNNIE832ZmaHc/noODOrtAwDAYDVR0TBAUwAwEB\n"
-      "/zAKBggqhkjOPQQDAgNHADBEAiAQRojsTyZG0BlKoU7gOt5h+yAMLl2cxmDtOIQr\n"
-      "GWP/PwIgJynB4AUDsPT0DWmethOXYijB5sY5UPd9DvgmiS/Mr6s=\n"
+      "MIIBFDCBu6ADAgECAgkArpkxjw62sW4wCgYIKoZIzj0EAwIwEDEOMAwGA1UEAwwF\n"
+      "dGVzdDMwHhcNMTYwNDI0MTgxNDM4WhcNMTYwNTI1MTgxNDM4WjAQMQ4wDAYDVQQD\n"
+      "DAV0ZXN0MzBZMBMGByqGSM49AgEGCCqGSM49AwEHA0IABHtiB07e60//wipVGrwb\n"
+      "hVkqt4wDF42tRrXa3C2G/i4WO4cAdr0P2jICOdyaf7G9llHJWYqsDnqNHMQ1wQQe\n"
+      "gCAwCgYIKoZIzj0EAwIDSAAwRQIhANyreQ/K5yuPPpirsd0e/4WGLHou6bIOSQks\n"
+      "DYzo56NmAiAKOr3u8ol3LmygbUCwEvtWrS8QcJDygxHPACo99hkekw==\n"
       "-----END CERTIFICATE-----\n";
 
   std::unique_ptr<SSLIdentity> identity(
-      SSLIdentity::FromPEMStrings(kRSA_PRIVATE_KEY_PEM, kCERT_PEM));
+      SSLIdentity::FromPEMStrings(kECDSA_PRIVATE_KEY_PEM, kCERT_PEM));
   EXPECT_TRUE(identity);
+  EXPECT_EQ(kECDSA_PRIVATE_KEY_PEM, identity->PrivateKeyToPEMString());
+  EXPECT_EQ(kECDSA_PUBLIC_KEY_PEM, identity->PublicKeyToPEMString());
   EXPECT_EQ(kCERT_PEM, identity->certificate().ToPEMString());
 }
 
+TEST_F(SSLIdentityTest, CloneIdentityRSA) {
+  TestCloningIdentity(*identity_rsa1_);
+  TestCloningIdentity(*identity_rsa2_);
+}
+
+TEST_F(SSLIdentityTest, CloneIdentityECDSA) {
+  TestCloningIdentity(*identity_ecdsa1_);
+  TestCloningIdentity(*identity_ecdsa2_);
+}
+
 TEST_F(SSLIdentityTest, PemDerConversion) {
   std::string der;
   EXPECT_TRUE(SSLIdentity::PemToDer("CERTIFICATE", kTestCertificate, &der));