blob: e8100530036183cf33a781dcac2e2d371f9d0249 [file] [log] [blame]
/*
* Copyright 2016 The WebRTC project authors. All Rights Reserved.
*
* Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license
* that can be found in the LICENSE file in the root of the source
* tree. An additional intellectual property rights grant can be found
* in the file PATENTS. All contributing project authors may
* be found in the AUTHORS file in the root of the source tree.
*/
package org.webrtc;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.Matrix;
import android.graphics.SurfaceTexture;
import android.opengl.GLES20;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.HandlerThread;
import android.os.Looper;
import android.os.Message;
import android.view.Surface;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.text.DecimalFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import javax.annotation.Nullable;
/**
* Implements VideoSink by displaying the video stream on an EGL Surface. This class is intended to
* be used as a helper class for rendering on SurfaceViews and TextureViews.
*/
public class EglRenderer implements VideoSink {
private static final String TAG = "EglRenderer";
private static final long LOG_INTERVAL_SEC = 4;
public interface FrameListener { void onFrame(Bitmap frame); }
private static class FrameListenerAndParams {
public final FrameListener listener;
public final float scale;
public final RendererCommon.GlDrawer drawer;
public final boolean applyFpsReduction;
public FrameListenerAndParams(FrameListener listener, float scale,
RendererCommon.GlDrawer drawer, boolean applyFpsReduction) {
this.listener = listener;
this.scale = scale;
this.drawer = drawer;
this.applyFpsReduction = applyFpsReduction;
}
}
private class EglSurfaceCreation implements Runnable {
private Object surface;
// TODO(bugs.webrtc.org/8491): Remove NoSynchronizedMethodCheck suppression.
@SuppressWarnings("NoSynchronizedMethodCheck")
public synchronized void setSurface(Object surface) {
this.surface = surface;
}
@Override
// TODO(bugs.webrtc.org/8491): Remove NoSynchronizedMethodCheck suppression.
@SuppressWarnings("NoSynchronizedMethodCheck")
public synchronized void run() {
if (surface != null && eglBase != null && !eglBase.hasSurface()) {
if (surface instanceof Surface) {
eglBase.createSurface((Surface) surface);
} else if (surface instanceof SurfaceTexture) {
eglBase.createSurface((SurfaceTexture) surface);
} else {
throw new IllegalStateException("Invalid surface: " + surface);
}
eglBase.makeCurrent();
// Necessary for YUV frames with odd width.
GLES20.glPixelStorei(GLES20.GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT, 1);
}
}
}
/**
* Handler that triggers a callback when an uncaught exception happens when handling a message.
*/
private static class HandlerWithExceptionCallback extends Handler {
private final Runnable exceptionCallback;
public HandlerWithExceptionCallback(Looper looper, Runnable exceptionCallback) {
super(looper);
this.exceptionCallback = exceptionCallback;
}
@Override
public void dispatchMessage(Message msg) {
try {
super.dispatchMessage(msg);
} catch (Exception e) {
Logging.e(TAG, "Exception on EglRenderer thread", e);
exceptionCallback.run();
throw e;
}
}
}
protected final String name;
// |renderThreadHandler| is a handler for communicating with |renderThread|, and is synchronized
// on |handlerLock|.
private final Object handlerLock = new Object();
@Nullable private Handler renderThreadHandler;
private final ArrayList<FrameListenerAndParams> frameListeners = new ArrayList<>();
// Variables for fps reduction.
private final Object fpsReductionLock = new Object();
// Time for when next frame should be rendered.
private long nextFrameTimeNs;
// Minimum duration between frames when fps reduction is active, or -1 if video is completely
// paused.
private long minRenderPeriodNs;
// EGL and GL resources for drawing YUV/OES textures. After initilization, these are only accessed
// from the render thread.
@Nullable private EglBase eglBase;
private final VideoFrameDrawer frameDrawer = new VideoFrameDrawer();
@Nullable private RendererCommon.GlDrawer drawer;
private boolean usePresentationTimeStamp;
private final Matrix drawMatrix = new Matrix();
// Pending frame to render. Serves as a queue with size 1. Synchronized on |frameLock|.
private final Object frameLock = new Object();
@Nullable private VideoFrame pendingFrame;
// These variables are synchronized on |layoutLock|.
private final Object layoutLock = new Object();
private float layoutAspectRatio;
// If true, mirrors the video stream horizontally.
private boolean mirror;
// These variables are synchronized on |statisticsLock|.
private final Object statisticsLock = new Object();
// Total number of video frames received in renderFrame() call.
private int framesReceived;
// Number of video frames dropped by renderFrame() because previous frame has not been rendered
// yet.
private int framesDropped;
// Number of rendered video frames.
private int framesRendered;
// Start time for counting these statistics, or 0 if we haven't started measuring yet.
private long statisticsStartTimeNs;
// Time in ns spent in renderFrameOnRenderThread() function.
private long renderTimeNs;
// Time in ns spent by the render thread in the swapBuffers() function.
private long renderSwapBufferTimeNs;
// Used for bitmap capturing.
private final GlTextureFrameBuffer bitmapTextureFramebuffer =
new GlTextureFrameBuffer(GLES20.GL_RGBA);
private final Runnable logStatisticsRunnable = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
logStatistics();
synchronized (handlerLock) {
if (renderThreadHandler != null) {
renderThreadHandler.removeCallbacks(logStatisticsRunnable);
renderThreadHandler.postDelayed(
logStatisticsRunnable, TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(LOG_INTERVAL_SEC));
}
}
}
};
private final EglSurfaceCreation eglSurfaceCreationRunnable = new EglSurfaceCreation();
/**
* Standard constructor. The name will be used for the render thread name and included when
* logging. In order to render something, you must first call init() and createEglSurface.
*/
public EglRenderer(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
/**
* Initialize this class, sharing resources with |sharedContext|. The custom |drawer| will be used
* for drawing frames on the EGLSurface. This class is responsible for calling release() on
* |drawer|. It is allowed to call init() to reinitialize the renderer after a previous
* init()/release() cycle. If usePresentationTimeStamp is true, eglPresentationTimeANDROID will be
* set with the frame timestamps, which specifies desired presentation time and might be useful
* for e.g. syncing audio and video.
*/
public void init(@Nullable final EglBase.Context sharedContext, final int[] configAttributes,
RendererCommon.GlDrawer drawer, boolean usePresentationTimeStamp) {
synchronized (handlerLock) {
if (renderThreadHandler != null) {
throw new IllegalStateException(name + "Already initialized");
}
logD("Initializing EglRenderer");
this.drawer = drawer;
this.usePresentationTimeStamp = usePresentationTimeStamp;
final HandlerThread renderThread = new HandlerThread(name + "EglRenderer");
renderThread.start();
renderThreadHandler =
new HandlerWithExceptionCallback(renderThread.getLooper(), new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
synchronized (handlerLock) {
renderThreadHandler = null;
}
}
});
// Create EGL context on the newly created render thread. It should be possibly to create the
// context on this thread and make it current on the render thread, but this causes failure on
// some Marvel based JB devices. https://bugs.chromium.org/p/webrtc/issues/detail?id=6350.
ThreadUtils.invokeAtFrontUninterruptibly(renderThreadHandler, () -> {
// If sharedContext is null, then texture frames are disabled. This is typically for old
// devices that might not be fully spec compliant, so force EGL 1.0 since EGL 1.4 has
// caused trouble on some weird devices.
if (sharedContext == null) {
logD("EglBase10.create context");
eglBase = EglBase.createEgl10(configAttributes);
} else {
logD("EglBase.create shared context");
eglBase = EglBase.create(sharedContext, configAttributes);
}
});
renderThreadHandler.post(eglSurfaceCreationRunnable);
final long currentTimeNs = System.nanoTime();
resetStatistics(currentTimeNs);
renderThreadHandler.postDelayed(
logStatisticsRunnable, TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(LOG_INTERVAL_SEC));
}
}
/**
* Same as above with usePresentationTimeStamp set to false.
*
* @see #init(EglBase.Context, int[], RendererCommon.GlDrawer, boolean)
*/
public void init(@Nullable final EglBase.Context sharedContext, final int[] configAttributes,
RendererCommon.GlDrawer drawer) {
init(sharedContext, configAttributes, drawer, /* usePresentationTimeStamp= */ false);
}
public void createEglSurface(Surface surface) {
createEglSurfaceInternal(surface);
}
public void createEglSurface(SurfaceTexture surfaceTexture) {
createEglSurfaceInternal(surfaceTexture);
}
private void createEglSurfaceInternal(Object surface) {
eglSurfaceCreationRunnable.setSurface(surface);
postToRenderThread(eglSurfaceCreationRunnable);
}
/**
* Block until any pending frame is returned and all GL resources released, even if an interrupt
* occurs. If an interrupt occurs during release(), the interrupt flag will be set. This function
* should be called before the Activity is destroyed and the EGLContext is still valid. If you
* don't call this function, the GL resources might leak.
*/
public void release() {
logD("Releasing.");
final CountDownLatch eglCleanupBarrier = new CountDownLatch(1);
synchronized (handlerLock) {
if (renderThreadHandler == null) {
logD("Already released");
return;
}
renderThreadHandler.removeCallbacks(logStatisticsRunnable);
// Release EGL and GL resources on render thread.
renderThreadHandler.postAtFrontOfQueue(() -> {
if (drawer != null) {
drawer.release();
drawer = null;
}
frameDrawer.release();
bitmapTextureFramebuffer.release();
if (eglBase != null) {
logD("eglBase detach and release.");
eglBase.detachCurrent();
eglBase.release();
eglBase = null;
}
frameListeners.clear();
eglCleanupBarrier.countDown();
});
final Looper renderLooper = renderThreadHandler.getLooper();
// TODO(magjed): Replace this post() with renderLooper.quitSafely() when API support >= 18.
renderThreadHandler.post(() -> {
logD("Quitting render thread.");
renderLooper.quit();
});
// Don't accept any more frames or messages to the render thread.
renderThreadHandler = null;
}
// Make sure the EGL/GL cleanup posted above is executed.
ThreadUtils.awaitUninterruptibly(eglCleanupBarrier);
synchronized (frameLock) {
if (pendingFrame != null) {
pendingFrame.release();
pendingFrame = null;
}
}
logD("Releasing done.");
}
/**
* Reset the statistics logged in logStatistics().
*/
private void resetStatistics(long currentTimeNs) {
synchronized (statisticsLock) {
statisticsStartTimeNs = currentTimeNs;
framesReceived = 0;
framesDropped = 0;
framesRendered = 0;
renderTimeNs = 0;
renderSwapBufferTimeNs = 0;
}
}
public void printStackTrace() {
synchronized (handlerLock) {
final Thread renderThread =
(renderThreadHandler == null) ? null : renderThreadHandler.getLooper().getThread();
if (renderThread != null) {
final StackTraceElement[] renderStackTrace = renderThread.getStackTrace();
if (renderStackTrace.length > 0) {
logD("EglRenderer stack trace:");
for (StackTraceElement traceElem : renderStackTrace) {
logD(traceElem.toString());
}
}
}
}
}
/**
* Set if the video stream should be mirrored or not.
*/
public void setMirror(final boolean mirror) {
logD("setMirror: " + mirror);
synchronized (layoutLock) {
this.mirror = mirror;
}
}
/**
* Set layout aspect ratio. This is used to crop frames when rendering to avoid stretched video.
* Set this to 0 to disable cropping.
*/
public void setLayoutAspectRatio(float layoutAspectRatio) {
logD("setLayoutAspectRatio: " + layoutAspectRatio);
synchronized (layoutLock) {
this.layoutAspectRatio = layoutAspectRatio;
}
}
/**
* Limit render framerate.
*
* @param fps Limit render framerate to this value, or use Float.POSITIVE_INFINITY to disable fps
* reduction.
*/
public void setFpsReduction(float fps) {
logD("setFpsReduction: " + fps);
synchronized (fpsReductionLock) {
final long previousRenderPeriodNs = minRenderPeriodNs;
if (fps <= 0) {
minRenderPeriodNs = Long.MAX_VALUE;
} else {
minRenderPeriodNs = (long) (TimeUnit.SECONDS.toNanos(1) / fps);
}
if (minRenderPeriodNs != previousRenderPeriodNs) {
// Fps reduction changed - reset frame time.
nextFrameTimeNs = System.nanoTime();
}
}
}
public void disableFpsReduction() {
setFpsReduction(Float.POSITIVE_INFINITY /* fps */);
}
public void pauseVideo() {
setFpsReduction(0 /* fps */);
}
/**
* Register a callback to be invoked when a new video frame has been received. This version uses
* the drawer of the EglRenderer that was passed in init.
*
* @param listener The callback to be invoked. The callback will be invoked on the render thread.
* It should be lightweight and must not call removeFrameListener.
* @param scale The scale of the Bitmap passed to the callback, or 0 if no Bitmap is
* required.
*/
public void addFrameListener(final FrameListener listener, final float scale) {
addFrameListener(listener, scale, null, false /* applyFpsReduction */);
}
/**
* Register a callback to be invoked when a new video frame has been received.
*
* @param listener The callback to be invoked. The callback will be invoked on the render thread.
* It should be lightweight and must not call removeFrameListener.
* @param scale The scale of the Bitmap passed to the callback, or 0 if no Bitmap is
* required.
* @param drawer Custom drawer to use for this frame listener or null to use the default one.
*/
public void addFrameListener(
final FrameListener listener, final float scale, final RendererCommon.GlDrawer drawerParam) {
addFrameListener(listener, scale, drawerParam, false /* applyFpsReduction */);
}
/**
* Register a callback to be invoked when a new video frame has been received.
*
* @param listener The callback to be invoked. The callback will be invoked on the render thread.
* It should be lightweight and must not call removeFrameListener.
* @param scale The scale of the Bitmap passed to the callback, or 0 if no Bitmap is
* required.
* @param drawer Custom drawer to use for this frame listener or null to use the default one.
* @param applyFpsReduction This callback will not be called for frames that have been dropped by
* FPS reduction.
*/
public void addFrameListener(final FrameListener listener, final float scale,
@Nullable final RendererCommon.GlDrawer drawerParam, final boolean applyFpsReduction) {
postToRenderThread(() -> {
final RendererCommon.GlDrawer listenerDrawer = drawerParam == null ? drawer : drawerParam;
frameListeners.add(
new FrameListenerAndParams(listener, scale, listenerDrawer, applyFpsReduction));
});
}
/**
* Remove any pending callback that was added with addFrameListener. If the callback is not in
* the queue, nothing happens. It is ensured that callback won't be called after this method
* returns.
*
* @param runnable The callback to remove.
*/
public void removeFrameListener(final FrameListener listener) {
final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
synchronized (handlerLock) {
if (renderThreadHandler == null) {
return;
}
if (Thread.currentThread() == renderThreadHandler.getLooper().getThread()) {
throw new RuntimeException("removeFrameListener must not be called on the render thread.");
}
postToRenderThread(() -> {
latch.countDown();
final Iterator<FrameListenerAndParams> iter = frameListeners.iterator();
while (iter.hasNext()) {
if (iter.next().listener == listener) {
iter.remove();
}
}
});
}
ThreadUtils.awaitUninterruptibly(latch);
}
// VideoSink interface.
@Override
public void onFrame(VideoFrame frame) {
synchronized (statisticsLock) {
++framesReceived;
}
final boolean dropOldFrame;
synchronized (handlerLock) {
if (renderThreadHandler == null) {
logD("Dropping frame - Not initialized or already released.");
return;
}
synchronized (frameLock) {
dropOldFrame = (pendingFrame != null);
if (dropOldFrame) {
pendingFrame.release();
}
pendingFrame = frame;
pendingFrame.retain();
renderThreadHandler.post(this ::renderFrameOnRenderThread);
}
}
if (dropOldFrame) {
synchronized (statisticsLock) {
++framesDropped;
}
}
}
/**
* Release EGL surface. This function will block until the EGL surface is released.
*/
public void releaseEglSurface(final Runnable completionCallback) {
// Ensure that the render thread is no longer touching the Surface before returning from this
// function.
eglSurfaceCreationRunnable.setSurface(null /* surface */);
synchronized (handlerLock) {
if (renderThreadHandler != null) {
renderThreadHandler.removeCallbacks(eglSurfaceCreationRunnable);
renderThreadHandler.postAtFrontOfQueue(() -> {
if (eglBase != null) {
eglBase.detachCurrent();
eglBase.releaseSurface();
}
completionCallback.run();
});
return;
}
}
completionCallback.run();
}
/**
* Private helper function to post tasks safely.
*/
private void postToRenderThread(Runnable runnable) {
synchronized (handlerLock) {
if (renderThreadHandler != null) {
renderThreadHandler.post(runnable);
}
}
}
private void clearSurfaceOnRenderThread(float r, float g, float b, float a) {
if (eglBase != null && eglBase.hasSurface()) {
logD("clearSurface");
GLES20.glClearColor(r, g, b, a);
GLES20.glClear(GLES20.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
eglBase.swapBuffers();
}
}
/**
* Post a task to clear the surface to a transparent uniform color.
*/
public void clearImage() {
clearImage(0 /* red */, 0 /* green */, 0 /* blue */, 0 /* alpha */);
}
/**
* Post a task to clear the surface to a specific color.
*/
public void clearImage(final float r, final float g, final float b, final float a) {
synchronized (handlerLock) {
if (renderThreadHandler == null) {
return;
}
renderThreadHandler.postAtFrontOfQueue(() -> clearSurfaceOnRenderThread(r, g, b, a));
}
}
/**
* Renders and releases |pendingFrame|.
*/
private void renderFrameOnRenderThread() {
// Fetch and render |pendingFrame|.
final VideoFrame frame;
synchronized (frameLock) {
if (pendingFrame == null) {
return;
}
frame = pendingFrame;
pendingFrame = null;
}
if (eglBase == null || !eglBase.hasSurface()) {
logD("Dropping frame - No surface");
frame.release();
return;
}
// Check if fps reduction is active.
final boolean shouldRenderFrame;
synchronized (fpsReductionLock) {
if (minRenderPeriodNs == Long.MAX_VALUE) {
// Rendering is paused.
shouldRenderFrame = false;
} else if (minRenderPeriodNs <= 0) {
// FPS reduction is disabled.
shouldRenderFrame = true;
} else {
final long currentTimeNs = System.nanoTime();
if (currentTimeNs < nextFrameTimeNs) {
logD("Skipping frame rendering - fps reduction is active.");
shouldRenderFrame = false;
} else {
nextFrameTimeNs += minRenderPeriodNs;
// The time for the next frame should always be in the future.
nextFrameTimeNs = Math.max(nextFrameTimeNs, currentTimeNs);
shouldRenderFrame = true;
}
}
}
final long startTimeNs = System.nanoTime();
final float frameAspectRatio = frame.getRotatedWidth() / (float) frame.getRotatedHeight();
final float drawnAspectRatio;
synchronized (layoutLock) {
drawnAspectRatio = layoutAspectRatio != 0f ? layoutAspectRatio : frameAspectRatio;
}
final float scaleX;
final float scaleY;
if (frameAspectRatio > drawnAspectRatio) {
scaleX = drawnAspectRatio / frameAspectRatio;
scaleY = 1f;
} else {
scaleX = 1f;
scaleY = frameAspectRatio / drawnAspectRatio;
}
drawMatrix.reset();
drawMatrix.preTranslate(0.5f, 0.5f);
if (mirror)
drawMatrix.preScale(-1f, 1f);
drawMatrix.preScale(scaleX, scaleY);
drawMatrix.preTranslate(-0.5f, -0.5f);
if (shouldRenderFrame) {
GLES20.glClearColor(0 /* red */, 0 /* green */, 0 /* blue */, 0 /* alpha */);
GLES20.glClear(GLES20.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
frameDrawer.drawFrame(frame, drawer, drawMatrix, 0 /* viewportX */, 0 /* viewportY */,
eglBase.surfaceWidth(), eglBase.surfaceHeight());
final long swapBuffersStartTimeNs = System.nanoTime();
if (usePresentationTimeStamp) {
eglBase.swapBuffers(frame.getTimestampNs());
} else {
eglBase.swapBuffers();
}
final long currentTimeNs = System.nanoTime();
synchronized (statisticsLock) {
++framesRendered;
renderTimeNs += (currentTimeNs - startTimeNs);
renderSwapBufferTimeNs += (currentTimeNs - swapBuffersStartTimeNs);
}
}
notifyCallbacks(frame, shouldRenderFrame);
frame.release();
}
private void notifyCallbacks(VideoFrame frame, boolean wasRendered) {
if (frameListeners.isEmpty())
return;
drawMatrix.reset();
drawMatrix.preTranslate(0.5f, 0.5f);
if (mirror)
drawMatrix.preScale(-1f, 1f);
drawMatrix.preScale(1f, -1f); // We want the output to be upside down for Bitmap.
drawMatrix.preTranslate(-0.5f, -0.5f);
Iterator<FrameListenerAndParams> it = frameListeners.iterator();
while (it.hasNext()) {
FrameListenerAndParams listenerAndParams = it.next();
if (!wasRendered && listenerAndParams.applyFpsReduction) {
continue;
}
it.remove();
final int scaledWidth = (int) (listenerAndParams.scale * frame.getRotatedWidth());
final int scaledHeight = (int) (listenerAndParams.scale * frame.getRotatedHeight());
if (scaledWidth == 0 || scaledHeight == 0) {
listenerAndParams.listener.onFrame(null);
continue;
}
bitmapTextureFramebuffer.setSize(scaledWidth, scaledHeight);
GLES20.glBindFramebuffer(GLES20.GL_FRAMEBUFFER, bitmapTextureFramebuffer.getFrameBufferId());
GLES20.glFramebufferTexture2D(GLES20.GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GLES20.GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0,
GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_2D, bitmapTextureFramebuffer.getTextureId(), 0);
GLES20.glClearColor(0 /* red */, 0 /* green */, 0 /* blue */, 0 /* alpha */);
GLES20.glClear(GLES20.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
frameDrawer.drawFrame(frame, listenerAndParams.drawer, drawMatrix, 0 /* viewportX */,
0 /* viewportY */, scaledWidth, scaledHeight);
final ByteBuffer bitmapBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(scaledWidth * scaledHeight * 4);
GLES20.glViewport(0, 0, scaledWidth, scaledHeight);
GLES20.glReadPixels(
0, 0, scaledWidth, scaledHeight, GLES20.GL_RGBA, GLES20.GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, bitmapBuffer);
GLES20.glBindFramebuffer(GLES20.GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0);
GlUtil.checkNoGLES2Error("EglRenderer.notifyCallbacks");
final Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(scaledWidth, scaledHeight, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
bitmap.copyPixelsFromBuffer(bitmapBuffer);
listenerAndParams.listener.onFrame(bitmap);
}
}
private String averageTimeAsString(long sumTimeNs, int count) {
return (count <= 0) ? "NA" : TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS.toMicros(sumTimeNs / count) + " us";
}
private void logStatistics() {
final DecimalFormat fpsFormat = new DecimalFormat("#.0");
final long currentTimeNs = System.nanoTime();
synchronized (statisticsLock) {
final long elapsedTimeNs = currentTimeNs - statisticsStartTimeNs;
if (elapsedTimeNs <= 0) {
return;
}
final float renderFps = framesRendered * TimeUnit.SECONDS.toNanos(1) / (float) elapsedTimeNs;
logD("Duration: " + TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS.toMillis(elapsedTimeNs) + " ms."
+ " Frames received: " + framesReceived + "."
+ " Dropped: " + framesDropped + "."
+ " Rendered: " + framesRendered + "."
+ " Render fps: " + fpsFormat.format(renderFps) + "."
+ " Average render time: " + averageTimeAsString(renderTimeNs, framesRendered) + "."
+ " Average swapBuffer time: "
+ averageTimeAsString(renderSwapBufferTimeNs, framesRendered) + ".");
resetStatistics(currentTimeNs);
}
}
private void logD(String string) {
Logging.d(TAG, name + string);
}
}