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/*
* Copyright (c) 2012 The WebRTC project authors. All Rights Reserved.
*
* Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license
* that can be found in the LICENSE file in the root of the source
* tree. An additional intellectual property rights grant can be found
* in the file PATENTS. All contributing project authors may
* be found in the AUTHORS file in the root of the source tree.
*/
#ifndef WEBRTC_MODULES_RTP_RTCP_SOURCE_FORWARD_ERROR_CORRECTION_H_
#define WEBRTC_MODULES_RTP_RTCP_SOURCE_FORWARD_ERROR_CORRECTION_H_
#include <stdint.h>
#include <list>
#include <memory>
#include <vector>
#include "webrtc/modules/rtp_rtcp/include/rtp_rtcp_defines.h"
#include "webrtc/modules/rtp_rtcp/source/forward_error_correction_internal.h"
#include "webrtc/rtc_base/basictypes.h"
#include "webrtc/rtc_base/constructormagic.h"
#include "webrtc/rtc_base/refcount.h"
#include "webrtc/rtc_base/scoped_ref_ptr.h"
namespace webrtc {
class FecHeaderReader;
class FecHeaderWriter;
// Performs codec-independent forward error correction (FEC), based on RFC 5109.
// Option exists to enable unequal protection (UEP) across packets.
// This is not to be confused with protection within packets
// (referred to as uneven level protection (ULP) in RFC 5109).
// TODO(brandtr): Split this class into a separate encoder
// and a separate decoder.
class ForwardErrorCorrection {
public:
// TODO(holmer): As a next step all these struct-like packet classes should be
// refactored into proper classes, and their members should be made private.
// This will require parts of the functionality in forward_error_correction.cc
// and receiver_fec.cc to be refactored into the packet classes.
class Packet {
public:
Packet();
virtual ~Packet();
// Add a reference.
virtual int32_t AddRef();
// Release a reference. Will delete the object if the reference count
// reaches zero.
virtual int32_t Release();
size_t length; // Length of packet in bytes.
uint8_t data[IP_PACKET_SIZE]; // Packet data.
private:
int32_t ref_count_; // Counts the number of references to a packet.
};
// TODO(holmer): Refactor into a proper class.
class SortablePacket {
public:
// Functor which returns true if the sequence number of |first|
// is < the sequence number of |second|. Should only ever be called for
// packets belonging to the same SSRC.
struct LessThan {
template <typename S, typename T>
bool operator() (const S& first, const T& second);
};
uint32_t ssrc;
uint16_t seq_num;
};
// The received list parameter of DecodeFec() references structs of this type.
//
// TODO(holmer): Refactor into a proper class.
class ReceivedPacket : public SortablePacket {
public:
ReceivedPacket();
~ReceivedPacket();
bool is_fec; // Set to true if this is an FEC packet and false
// otherwise.
rtc::scoped_refptr<Packet> pkt; // Pointer to the packet storage.
};
// The recovered list parameter of DecodeFec() references structs of
// this type.
// TODO(holmer): Refactor into a proper class.
class RecoveredPacket : public SortablePacket {
public:
RecoveredPacket();
~RecoveredPacket();
bool was_recovered; // Will be true if this packet was recovered by
// the FEC. Otherwise it was a media packet passed in
// through the received packet list.
bool returned; // True when the packet already has been returned to the
// caller through the callback.
rtc::scoped_refptr<Packet> pkt; // Pointer to the packet storage.
};
// Used to link media packets to their protecting FEC packets.
//
// TODO(holmer): Refactor into a proper class.
class ProtectedPacket : public SortablePacket {
public:
ProtectedPacket();
~ProtectedPacket();
rtc::scoped_refptr<ForwardErrorCorrection::Packet> pkt;
};
using ProtectedPacketList = std::list<std::unique_ptr<ProtectedPacket>>;
// Used for internal storage of received FEC packets in a list.
//
// TODO(holmer): Refactor into a proper class.
class ReceivedFecPacket : public SortablePacket {
public:
ReceivedFecPacket();
~ReceivedFecPacket();
// List of media packets that this FEC packet protects.
ProtectedPacketList protected_packets;
// RTP header fields.
uint32_t ssrc;
// FEC header fields.
size_t fec_header_size;
uint32_t protected_ssrc;
uint16_t seq_num_base;
size_t packet_mask_offset; // Relative start of FEC header.
size_t packet_mask_size;
size_t protection_length;
// Raw data.
rtc::scoped_refptr<ForwardErrorCorrection::Packet> pkt;
};
using PacketList = std::list<std::unique_ptr<Packet>>;
using ReceivedPacketList = std::list<std::unique_ptr<ReceivedPacket>>;
using RecoveredPacketList = std::list<std::unique_ptr<RecoveredPacket>>;
using ReceivedFecPacketList = std::list<std::unique_ptr<ReceivedFecPacket>>;
~ForwardErrorCorrection();
// Creates a ForwardErrorCorrection tailored for a specific FEC scheme.
static std::unique_ptr<ForwardErrorCorrection> CreateUlpfec(uint32_t ssrc);
static std::unique_ptr<ForwardErrorCorrection> CreateFlexfec(
uint32_t ssrc,
uint32_t protected_media_ssrc);
// Generates a list of FEC packets from supplied media packets.
//
// Input: media_packets List of media packets to protect, of type
// Packet. All packets must belong to the
// same frame and the list must not be empty.
// Input: protection_factor FEC protection overhead in the [0, 255]
// domain. To obtain 100% overhead, or an
// equal number of FEC packets as
// media packets, use 255.
// Input: num_important_packets The number of "important" packets in the
// frame. These packets may receive greater
// protection than the remaining packets.
// The important packets must be located at the
// start of the media packet list. For codecs
// with data partitioning, the important
// packets may correspond to first partition
// packets.
// Input: use_unequal_protection Parameter to enable/disable unequal
// protection (UEP) across packets. Enabling
// UEP will allocate more protection to the
// num_important_packets from the start of the
// media_packets.
// Input: fec_mask_type The type of packet mask used in the FEC.
// Random or bursty type may be selected. The
// bursty type is only defined up to 12 media
// packets. If the number of media packets is
// above 12, the packet masks from the random
// table will be selected.
// Output: fec_packets List of pointers to generated FEC packets,
// of type Packet. Must be empty on entry.
// The memory available through the list will
// be valid until the next call to
// EncodeFec().
//
// Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure.
//
int EncodeFec(const PacketList& media_packets,
uint8_t protection_factor,
int num_important_packets,
bool use_unequal_protection,
FecMaskType fec_mask_type,
std::list<Packet*>* fec_packets);
// Decodes a list of received media and FEC packets. It will parse the
// |received_packets|, storing FEC packets internally, and move
// media packets to |recovered_packets|. The recovered list will be
// sorted by ascending sequence number and have duplicates removed.
// The function should be called as new packets arrive, and
// |recovered_packets| will be progressively assembled with each call.
// When the function returns, |received_packets| will be empty.
//
// The caller will allocate packets submitted through |received_packets|.
// The function will handle allocation of recovered packets.
//
// Input: received_packets List of new received packets, of type
// ReceivedPacket, belonging to a single
// frame. At output the list will be empty,
// with packets either stored internally,
// or accessible through the recovered list.
// Output: recovered_packets List of recovered media packets, of type
// RecoveredPacket, belonging to a single
// frame. The memory available through the
// list will be valid until the next call to
// DecodeFec().
//
// Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure.
//
int DecodeFec(ReceivedPacketList* received_packets,
RecoveredPacketList* recovered_packets);
// Get the number of generated FEC packets, given the number of media packets
// and the protection factor.
static int NumFecPackets(int num_media_packets, int protection_factor);
// Gets the maximum size of the FEC headers in bytes, which must be
// accounted for as packet overhead.
size_t MaxPacketOverhead() const;
// Reset internal states from last frame and clear |recovered_packets|.
// Frees all memory allocated by this class.
void ResetState(RecoveredPacketList* recovered_packets);
// TODO(brandtr): Remove these functions when the Packet classes
// have been refactored.
static uint16_t ParseSequenceNumber(uint8_t* packet);
static uint32_t ParseSsrc(uint8_t* packet);
protected:
ForwardErrorCorrection(std::unique_ptr<FecHeaderReader> fec_header_reader,
std::unique_ptr<FecHeaderWriter> fec_header_writer,
uint32_t ssrc,
uint32_t protected_media_ssrc);
private:
// Analyzes |media_packets| for holes in the sequence and inserts zero columns
// into the |packet_mask| where those holes are found. Zero columns means that
// those packets will have no protection.
// Returns the number of bits used for one row of the new packet mask.
// Requires that |packet_mask| has at least 6 * |num_fec_packets| bytes
// allocated.
int InsertZerosInPacketMasks(const PacketList& media_packets,
size_t num_fec_packets);
// Writes FEC payloads and some recovery fields in the FEC headers.
void GenerateFecPayloads(const PacketList& media_packets,
size_t num_fec_packets);
// Writes the FEC header fields that are not written by GenerateFecPayloads.
// This includes writing the packet masks.
void FinalizeFecHeaders(size_t num_fec_packets,
uint32_t media_ssrc,
uint16_t seq_num_base);
// Inserts the |received_packets| into the internal received FEC packet list
// or into |recovered_packets|.
void InsertPackets(ReceivedPacketList* received_packets,
RecoveredPacketList* recovered_packets);
// Inserts the |received_packet| into |recovered_packets|. Deletes duplicates.
void InsertMediaPacket(RecoveredPacketList* recovered_packets,
ReceivedPacket* received_packet);
// Assigns pointers to the recovered packet from all FEC packets which cover
// it.
// Note: This reduces the complexity when we want to try to recover a packet
// since we don't have to find the intersection between recovered packets and
// packets covered by the FEC packet.
void UpdateCoveringFecPackets(const RecoveredPacket& packet);
// Insert |received_packet| into internal FEC list. Deletes duplicates.
void InsertFecPacket(const RecoveredPacketList& recovered_packets,
ReceivedPacket* received_packet);
// Assigns pointers to already recovered packets covered by |fec_packet|.
static void AssignRecoveredPackets(
const RecoveredPacketList& recovered_packets,
ReceivedFecPacket* fec_packet);
// Attempt to recover missing packets, using the internally stored
// received FEC packets.
void AttemptRecovery(RecoveredPacketList* recovered_packets);
// Initializes headers and payload before the XOR operation
// that recovers a packet.
static bool StartPacketRecovery(const ReceivedFecPacket& fec_packet,
RecoveredPacket* recovered_packet);
// Performs XOR between the first 8 bytes of |src| and |dst| and stores
// the result in |dst|. The 3rd and 4th bytes are used for storing
// the length recovery field.
static void XorHeaders(const Packet& src, Packet* dst);
// Performs XOR between the payloads of |src| and |dst| and stores the result
// in |dst|. The parameter |dst_offset| determines at what byte the
// XOR operation starts in |dst|. In total, |payload_length| bytes are XORed.
static void XorPayloads(const Packet& src,
size_t payload_length,
size_t dst_offset,
Packet* dst);
// Finalizes recovery of packet by setting RTP header fields.
// This is not specific to the FEC scheme used.
static bool FinishPacketRecovery(const ReceivedFecPacket& fec_packet,
RecoveredPacket* recovered_packet);
// Recover a missing packet.
static bool RecoverPacket(const ReceivedFecPacket& fec_packet,
RecoveredPacket* recovered_packet);
// Get the number of missing media packets which are covered by |fec_packet|.
// An FEC packet can recover at most one packet, and if zero packets are
// missing the FEC packet can be discarded. This function returns 2 when two
// or more packets are missing.
static int NumCoveredPacketsMissing(const ReceivedFecPacket& fec_packet);
// Discards old packets in |recovered_packets|, which are no longer relevant
// for recovering lost packets.
void DiscardOldRecoveredPackets(RecoveredPacketList* recovered_packets);
// These SSRCs are only used by the decoder.
const uint32_t ssrc_;
const uint32_t protected_media_ssrc_;
std::unique_ptr<FecHeaderReader> fec_header_reader_;
std::unique_ptr<FecHeaderWriter> fec_header_writer_;
std::vector<Packet> generated_fec_packets_;
ReceivedFecPacketList received_fec_packets_;
// Arrays used to avoid dynamically allocating memory when generating
// the packet masks.
// (There are never more than |kUlpfecMaxMediaPackets| FEC packets generated.)
uint8_t packet_masks_[kUlpfecMaxMediaPackets * kUlpfecMaxPacketMaskSize];
uint8_t tmp_packet_masks_[kUlpfecMaxMediaPackets * kUlpfecMaxPacketMaskSize];
size_t packet_mask_size_;
};
// Classes derived from FecHeader{Reader,Writer} encapsulate the
// specifics of reading and writing FEC header for, e.g., ULPFEC
// and FlexFEC.
class FecHeaderReader {
public:
virtual ~FecHeaderReader();
// The maximum number of media packets that can be covered by one FEC packet.
size_t MaxMediaPackets() const;
// The maximum number of FEC packets that is supported, per call
// to ForwardErrorCorrection::EncodeFec().
size_t MaxFecPackets() const;
// Parses FEC header and stores information in ReceivedFecPacket members.
virtual bool ReadFecHeader(
ForwardErrorCorrection::ReceivedFecPacket* fec_packet) const = 0;
protected:
FecHeaderReader(size_t max_media_packets, size_t max_fec_packets);
const size_t max_media_packets_;
const size_t max_fec_packets_;
};
class FecHeaderWriter {
public:
virtual ~FecHeaderWriter();
// The maximum number of media packets that can be covered by one FEC packet.
size_t MaxMediaPackets() const;
// The maximum number of FEC packets that is supported, per call
// to ForwardErrorCorrection::EncodeFec().
size_t MaxFecPackets() const;
// The maximum overhead (in bytes) per packet, due to FEC headers.
size_t MaxPacketOverhead() const;
// Calculates the minimum packet mask size needed (in bytes),
// given the discrete options of the ULPFEC masks and the bits
// set in the current packet mask.
virtual size_t MinPacketMaskSize(const uint8_t* packet_mask,
size_t packet_mask_size) const = 0;
// The header size (in bytes), given the packet mask size.
virtual size_t FecHeaderSize(size_t packet_mask_size) const = 0;
// Writes FEC header.
virtual void FinalizeFecHeader(
uint32_t media_ssrc,
uint16_t seq_num_base,
const uint8_t* packet_mask,
size_t packet_mask_size,
ForwardErrorCorrection::Packet* fec_packet) const = 0;
protected:
FecHeaderWriter(size_t max_media_packets,
size_t max_fec_packets,
size_t max_packet_overhead);
const size_t max_media_packets_;
const size_t max_fec_packets_;
const size_t max_packet_overhead_;
};
} // namespace webrtc
#endif // WEBRTC_MODULES_RTP_RTCP_SOURCE_FORWARD_ERROR_CORRECTION_H_